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“Anarchism ... may be described as the doctrine that all the affairs of men should be managed by individuals or voluntary associations, and that the State should be abolished.” – Benjamin Tucker, 1886

“The anarchist is the enemy of humanity, the enemy of all mankind, and his is a deeper degree of criminality than any other.” – Theodore Roosevelt, 1901

“Anarchism is a political philosophy which considers the state undesirable, unnecessary, and harmful, and instead promotes a stateless society, or anarchy. Any information relating to anarchists should be reported to your local police.” – London Metropolitan Police, 2011

About Market Anarchism

Market Anarchism is the doctrine that the legislative, adjudicative, and protective functions unjustly and inefficiently monopolised by the coercive State should be entirely turned over to the voluntary, consensual forces of market society.

As Thomas Paine wrote in The Rights of Man (1792):

Great part of that order which reigns among mankind is not the effect of government. It has its origin in the principles of society and the natural constitution of man. It existed prior to government, and would exist if the formality of government was abolished. The mutual dependence and reciprocal interest which man has upon man, and all the parts of civilised community upon each other, create that great chain of connection which holds it together. The landholder, the farmer, the manufacturer, the merchant, the tradesman, and every occupation, prospers by the aid which each receives from the other, and from the whole. Common interest regulates their concerns, and forms their law; and the laws which common usage ordains, have a greater influence than the laws of government. In fine, society performs for itself almost everything which is ascribed to government.
The first explicit defender of Market Anarchism was the 19th-century economist and social theorist Gustave de Molinari. The idea was taken up by the individualist anarchists, particularly those associated with Benjamin Tucker’s journal Liberty. More recently, Market Anarchism has been revived by a number of thinkers in the libertarian movement. The terms “anarcho-capitalism” and “voluntary socialism” have both been associated with the Market Anarchist tradition.

Below are a number of online resources for those interested in exploring the ideas of Market Anarchism. (Linking to a particular site obviously does not imply blanket approval.)

  • Agorism.info
  • Against Politics
  • Albert Loan’s Institutional Bases of the Spontaneous Order: Surety and Assurance
  • Alfred Cuzán’s Do We Ever Really Get Out of Anarchy? (PDF file)
  • Anarchism.net
  • Arthur Silber’s I Accuse: To Those Who Pave the Way for the New Fascism
  • Anti-State.com
  • Ben Powell’s Somalia After State Collapse: Chaos or Improvement? (PDF file)
  • Birgir Runolfsson Solvason’s Institutional Evolution in the Icelandic Commonwealth (PDF file)
  • Birgir Runolfsson Solvason’s Ordered Anarchy, State, and Rent-Seeking: The Icelandic Commonwealth, 930-1262
              [Note: whenever links in this piece don’t work change www.hag.hi.is to www.hi.is]
  • Bob Black’s The Libertarian as Conservative
  • Bob Murphy’s Private Law
  • Bob Murphy’s Insuring Chaos Theory
  • Bob Murphy’s Minerva
  • Bob Murphy’s But Wouldn’t Warlords Take Over?
  • Boston Anarchist Drinking Brigade
  • Brad Edmonds’ Why Government Must Be Abolished
  • Brad Edmonds’ Why Abolishing Government Would Not Bring Chaos
  • Brad Edmonds’ How to Abolish Government
  • Brad Edmonds’ Abolishing Government Improves the Roads
  • Brad Edmonds’ How to Persuade Others to Abolish Government
  • Brad Edmonds’ Government Will Be Abolished
  • Brad Edmonds’ Why the Public Puts Up With Abusive Cops
  • Bruce Benson’s The Enterprise of Customary Law
  • Bruce Benson’s Customary Law With Private Means of Resolving Disputes (PDF file)
  • Bruce Benson’s Enforcement of Private Property Rights in Primitive Societies (PDF file)
  • Bruce Benson’s Guns for Protection and Other Private-Sector Responses to Crime (PDF file)
  • Bruce Benson’s Reciprocal Exchange as the Basis for Recognition of Law (PDF file)
  • Bruno Leoni’s Freedom and the Law
  • Bruno Leoni’s Law and Politics
  • Bryan Caplan’s Anarchist Theory FAQ
  • Bryan Caplan’s articles on anarchist economics
  • Bryan Caplan’s articles on anarchist political theory
  • Bryan Caplan and Ed Stringham’s Networks, Anarcho-Capitalism, and the Paradox of Cooperation (PDF file)
  • Butler Shaffer’s What Is Anarchy?
  •  Gustave de Molinari (1819-1912)
  • Caleb Johnson’s Why I Am An Anarchist
  • Cato Unbound debate: Is Limited Government Possible?
  • Cato Unbound debate: Who Needs Government?
  • Center for a Stateless Society
  • Charles Johnson’s Liberty, Equality, Solidarity: Toward a Dialectical Anarchism
  • Chris Matthew Sciabarra’s Government and the Railroads During World War I: Political Capitalism and the Death of Enterprise
  • Chris Matthew Sciabarra’s Labor History Revisionism: A Libertarian Analysis of the Pullman Strike
  • Chris Matthew Sciabarra’s Understanding the Global Crisis: Reclaiming Rand’s Radical Legacy
  • Christopher Coyne et al.’s Note on the Market Provision of National Defense
  • Daily Anarchist
  • Daniel C. Burton’s Libertarian Anarchism (PDF file)
  • David Friedman’s Anarchy and Efficient Law
  • David Friedman’s Police, Courts, and Laws – on the Market
  • David Friedman’s The Machinery of Freedom (PDF file)
  • David Friedman’s Do We Need a Government?
  • David Friedman’s Law as a Private Good: A Response to Tyler Cowen on the Economics of Anarchy
  • David Gordon’s The Trouble With Democracy
  • David Gordon’s Review of George Smith (PDF file)
  • David Osterfeld’s Anarchism and the Public Goods Issue (PDF file)
  • David Osterfeld’s Internal Inconsistencies in Arguments for Government (PDF file)
  • Economic Government Group
  • Dead Anarchists
  • Edward Stringham’s The Extralegal Development of Securities Trading in 17th-century Amsterdam (PDF file)
  • Edward Stringham’s Market-Chosen Law (PDF file)
  • Eric Frank Russell’s The Great Explosion
  • Eric Knauer’s Response to Robert Bidinotto on the Contradiction in Anarchism
  • Explorations in the Public Choice Theory of Government
  • François-René Rideau’s Du droit de porter les armes – la liberté individuelle d’organiser sa propre defense
  • Fredric C. Young’s Nozick and the Individualist Anarchist (PDF file)
  • Free Life Index
  • Free-Market Alternatives to the State
  • Gael J. Campan’s Does Justice Qualify As An Economic Good? (PDF file)
  • Gary Chartier’s Conscience of an Anarchist (PDF file)
  • Gary Chartier’s Moving Along the State-Anarchy Continuum
  • Gene Callahan’s We Need the State – Otherwise, Something Bad Might Happen!
  • George H. Smith’s In Defense of Rational Anarchism
  • George H. Smith’s Justice Entrepreneurship in a Free Market (PDF file)
  • George H. Smith’s Justice Entrepreneurship Revisited (PDF file)
  • Gerard Casey’s Reflections on Legal Polycentrism (PDF file)
  • Individualist Anarchist
  • Individualist Anarchist Resources
  • Individualist Anarchist Society
  • James Boyd’s From Far Right to Far Left – and Farther – with Karl Hess
  • James Dale Davidson’s Note on Anarchy, State, and Utopia (PDF file)
  • James J. Martin’s Business and the New Deal
  • James Redford’s Jesus Is An Anarchist (PDF file)
  • Jan Narveson’s Is Government A Mistake?
  • Jarret Wollstein’s Society Without Coercion (PDF)
  • Jeff Hummel’s The Will to Be Free: The Role of Ideology in National Defense (PDF)
  • Jeff Riggenbach’s review of James C. Scott’s Art of Not Being Governed
  • Jeremy Weiland’s Two Sides of the Skeptic’s Coin
  • Jesse Walker’s review of James C. Scott’s Seeing Like a State
  • Journal of Libertarian Studies
  • Joe Peacott’s Individualism Reconsidered
  • Joe Peacott’s An Overview of Individualist Anarchist Thought (PDF file)
  • John D. Sneed’s Order Without Law: Where Will Anarchists Keep the Madmen? (PDF file) (another version, non-PDF)
  • John Hasnas’ Myth of the Rule of Law
  • John Hasnas’ Reflections on the Minimal State
  • John Sampson’s That Government Is Best That Governs Not At All
  • John Sampson’s Limited Government, An Impossible Dream
  • John T. Sanders’ The Free-Market Model vs. Government (PDF file)
  • Joseph R. Peden’s Property Rights in Celtic Irish Law (PDF file)
  • Joseph Stromberg’s Political Economy of Liberal Corporativism
  • Joseph Stromberg’s The Role of State Monopoly Capitalism in the American Empire (PDF file)
  • Joseph Stromberg’s English Enclosures and Soviet Collectivization
  • Karl T. Fielding’s The Role of Personal Justice in Anarcho-Capitalism (PDF file)
  • Karl T. Fielding’s Stateless Society: French on Rothbard (PDF file)
  • Karl T. Fielding’s Nonexcludability and Government Financing of Public Goods (PDF file)
  • Karl Hess’s The Death of Politics
  • Ken Knudson’s Critique of Anarchist Communism
  • Kevin A. Carson’s Studies in Mutualist Political Economy
  • Kevin A. Carson’s Austrian and Marxist Theories of Monopoly Capital: A Mutualist Synthesis
  • Kevin A. Carson’s Libertarian Forum: A Resource for UnCapitalists?
  • Left & Right
  • Leonard Brewster’s The Impossibility of the State? (PDF file)
  • Leslie Siddeley’s The Rise and Fall of Fraternal Insurance Organizations
  • Lew Rockwell’s How States Fall and Liberty Triumphs
  • Lew Rockwell’s The National Defense Myth
  • Lew Rockwell’s Working Around Leviathan
  • Lex Liberatis Privately Produced Law
  • Libertarian Forum
  • The Libertarian Nation Foundation’s journal Formulations
  • Links Worth A Look
  • Linda and Morris Tannehill’s The Market for Liberty (partial)
  • Linda and Morris Tannehill’s The Market for Liberty (complete – PDF)
  • Literature of Liberty
  • Lysander Spooner
  • Mary Ruwart’s Healing Our World Pissarro's Rue St. Lazare
  • Michael S. Rozeff’s An Economic Analysis of Power
  • Michael S. Rozeff’s How the Power to Tax Destroys
  • Michael S. Rozeff LRC Archives
  • Murray Rothbard’s Anatomy of the State
  • Murray Rothbard’s Defense Services on the Free Market
  • Murray Rothbard’s The Ethics of Liberty
  • Murray Rothbard’s For a New Liberty
  • Murray Rothbard’s Man, Economy, and State / Power and Market
  • Murray Rothbard’s Pennsylvania’s Anarchist Experiment: 1681-1690
  • Murray Rothbard’s Nations By Consent: Decomposing the Nation-State (PDF file)
  • Murray Rothbard’s Society Without a State
  • Murray Rothbard’s Nozick and the Immaculate Conception of the State (PDF file)
  • Murray Rothbard’s Origins of the Welfare State in America
  • Mutualist.org
  • Nicholas Dykes’ Mrs. Logic and the Law: A Critique of Ayn Rand’s View of Government
  • Panarchy.org
  • Patrick Tinsley’s Private Police: A Note (PDF file)
  • Per Bylund’s On the Need For a Final Arbiter
  • Peter C. Earle’s Anarchy in the Aachen
  • Peter Leeson’s Better Off Stateless: Somalia Before and After Government Collapse
  • Peter Leeson’s An-arrgh-chy: The Law and Economics of Pirate Organization
  • Peter Leeson’s The Laws of Lawlessness
  • Peter Leeson’s Celestial Anarchy
  • Peter Leeson’s Pirates, Prisoners, and Preliterates: Anarchic Context and the Private Enforcement of Law
  • Peter Leeson’s Poking Hobbes in the Eye: A Plea for Mechanism in Anarchist History
  • Peter Leeson’s Efficient Anarchy
  • Peter Leeson’s Review of Ed Stringham’s Anarchy and the Law
  • Peter Leeson and Claudia Williamson’s Anarchy and Development: An Application of the Theory of Second Best
  • Peter Leeson and Edward Stringham’s Is Government Inevitable? Comment on Holcombe’s Analysis
  • Peter Vallentyne’s Libertarianism
  • Polycentric Law Links
  • Rampart Journal
  • Randy Barnett’s “Pursuing Justice in a Free Society,” Parts One and Two
  • Randy Barnett’s Whither Anarchy? Has Nozick Justified the State? (PDF file)
  • Richard Wall’s Who’s Afraid of Noam Chomsky?
  • Richmond Under Lockdown
  • Rick Tompkins’ Libertarian Class Theory: How the Political Class Exploits the Economic Class
  • Robert H. Chappell’s Anarchy Revisited: The Public Education Dilemma (PDF file)
  • Robert Higgs’ If Men Were Angels
  • Robert Higgs’ The Political Economy of Fear
  • Robert Higgs’ Why We Couldn’t Abolish Slavery
  • Robert LeFevre’s The Nature of Man and His Government
  • Roger Bissell’s Resolving the Government Issue
  • Roger Bissell’s More on the Government Controversy
  • Roy A. Childs’ Objectivism and the State
  • Roy A. Childs’ The Invisible Hand Strikes Back (PDF file)
  • Roy A. Childs’ Big Business and the Rise of American Statism
  • Roy Halliday’s Enforceable Rights: A Libertarian Theory of Justice
  • Samuel E. Konkin III’s Interview
  • Samuel E. Konkin III’s The New Libertarian Manifesto
  • Samuel E. Konkin III and Wally Conger’s Building a New Libertarian Movement
  • Sheldon Richman’s The Goal Is Freedom: For Equality; Against Privilege
  • Sheldon Richman’s Full Context (PDF file)
  • Sheldon Richman’s review of James C. Scott’s Seeing Like a State
  • Spencer Heath blog
  • Stephan Kinsella’s What It Means To Be An Anarcho-Capitalist
  • Steven A. Peterson’s Moral Development and Critiques of Anarchism (PDF file)
  • Tatiana Nenova and Tim Harford’s Anarchy and Invention (PDF file)
  • Terry Anderson and P. J. Hill’s An American Experiment in Anarcho-Capitalism: The Not So Wild, Wild West (PDF file)
  • The Onion’s Americans Don’t Want a Country
  • Tom Bell’s Polycentric Law
  • Tom Bell’s Privately Produced Law (PDF file)
  • Tom Knapp’s How Do You Like Them Apples?
  • Tom Palmer’s Do We Need a Government? (PDF file)
  • Tom Palmer’s review of James C. Scott’s Art of Not Being Governed
  • Vernor Vinge’s The Ungoverned
  • Virgil Storr’s Defining Anarchy as Rock-n-Roll
  • The Voluntaryist
  • Wally Conger’s What’s Left?
  • Wally Conger’s Rediscovering Left & Right
  • Walter Block’s Anarchism and Minarchism: No Rapprochement Possible (PDF file)
  • Walter Block’s Governmental Inevitability: Reply to Holcombe (PDF file)
  • Walter Block’s Rejoinder to Holcombe on the Inevitability of Government (PDF file)
  • Walter Block’s All Government Is Excessive (PDF file)
  • Walter Block’s The Libertarian Minimal State (PDF file)
  • Walter E. Grinder and John Hagel III’s Toward a Theory of State Capitalism (PDF file)
  • Wendy McElroy’s articles on individualist anarchism
  • Wikipedia article on anarcho-capitalism
  • Wikipedia article on individualist anarchism
  • Wikipedia article on mutualism
  • Wilton Alston’s Where Have All the Black Libertarians Gone?
  • www.polyarchy.org
  • Yo Anarchy
  • Among Roderick T. Long’s articles on Market Anarchism are:

  • Libertarian Anarchism: Responses to Ten Objections (HTML, PDF file, MP3 audio file, or Spanish translation – Mises University, 6 August 2004)
  • Market Anarchism As Constitutionalism
  • Why Objective Law Requires Anarchy
  • The Absent State?
  • Anarchism as Constitutionalism: A Reply to Bidinotto, Parts One, Two, and Three
  • The Great Divorce: A Reply to Machan, Parts One and Two
  • The Nature of Law, Parts One, Two, Three, and Four
  • Virtual Cantons: A New Path to Freedom
  • One Nation, Two Systems: The Doughnut Model
  • The Decline and Fall of Private Law in Iceland
  • Privatization, Viking Style: Model or Misfortune?
  • Anarchy in the U.K.: The English Experience with Private Protection
  • Defending a Free Nation
  • The Return of Leviathan: Can We Prevent It?
  • Rule-following, Praxeology, and Anarchy (PDF file)
  • Finding the Brake
  • Just Ignore Them
  • A Plea for Public Property
  • A Virtual-Canton Constitution, plus Commentary Parts One, Two, Three, and Four
  • An Open Letter to the Peace Movement
  • Equality: The Unknown Ideal
  • Liberty: The Other Equality (PDF file)

  • Heritage of Dissent: An Online Library of Radical Libertarian Classics

    MOLINARI ÉCONOMISTES HODGSKIN WARREN GARRISON SMITH PROUDHON STIRNER SPENCER
    BELLEGARRIGUE DE PUYDT ANDREWS HEYWOOD SPOONER GEORGE HERBERT SUMNER DONISTHORPE
    TUCKER LIBERTY DE CLEYRE LABADIE OPPENHEIMER ARMAND PATERSON LANE AUSTRIANS RELATA

    Works by and about Gustave de Molinari (1819-1912):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    The Utopia of Liberty (1848)
    The Production of Security (1849)
    Soirées on the Rue Saint-Lazare (1849) [not yet complete]
    The Feeding of Paris During the Siege (1871)
    Governments of the Future (1888 - excerpt)
    Labour-Exchanges (1893) [not yet complete]
    Greatness and Decline of War (1898) [not yet complete]

    Question of the Limits of State Action and Individual Action Discussed at the Society of Political Economy (1849)
    Charles Coquelin’s Review of Soirées on the Rue Saint-Lazare (1849)
    Lord Acton’s Review of Course of Political Economy (1864)
    Henry James’ Review of Letters on the United States and Canada (1877)
    Atlantic Monthly’s Review of Letters on the United States and Canada (1877)
    George H. Baker’s Review of In Panama (1887)
    Freedom’s The New Labour Exchange (1887)
    J. B. Clark’s Review of Natural Laws of Political Economy (1888)
    J. B. Clark’s Review of Economic Morality (1888)
    E. Castelot’s Review of Fundamental Notions of Political Economy (1891)
    J. B. Clark’s Review of Fundamental Notions of Political Economy (1892)
    E. Castelot’s Review of Religion (1892)
    L. L. Price’s Review of Précis of Political Economy and of Morals (1893)
    L. L. Price’s Review of Labour-Exchanges (1893)
    David Kinley’s Review of Labour-Exchanges (1893)
    H. C. Emery’s Review of Labour-Exchanges (1894)
    F. C. Montague’s Review of How the Social Question Is to Be Resolved (1896)
    Thorstein Veblen’s Review of Viriculture (1897)
    Edward Van Dyke Robinson’s Review of Greatness and Decline of War (1898)
    Charles Gide’s Review of Society of the Future (1899)
    Hodgson Pratt’s Introduction to Society of the Future (1904)
    Frédéric Passy’s Prefatory Letter to Society of the Future (1904)
    S. R.’s Review of Society of the Future (1904)
    Political Science Quarterly’s Review of Society of the Future (1908)
    Political Science Quarterly’s Review of Economic Questions on the Agenda (1908)
    L. L. Price’s Review of Economics of History: A Theory of Evolution (1908)
    L. L. Price’s Review of Ultima Verba (1912)
    Yves Guyot’s Molinari obituary (1912)
    Murray N. Rothbard’s Preface to The Production of Security (1977)
    Johan Ridenfeldt’s Early Swedish encyclopedia entries on Molinari (PDF file)
    Soirées on the Rue Saint-Lazare (1849)
    Cours d’économie Politique (1863 – French only)
    On the Mutualists (1871)
    The McKinley Bill in Europe (1890)
    Religion (1892)
    Spanish and French Relations (1898)
    The Society of Tomorrow (1899)
    Questions économiques (1906 - French only)
    Molinari’s various works in French

    Yves Guyot’s M. G. de Molinari (1912 - in French)
    Institut Molinari (in French; our Belgian counterpart)
    Chris R. Tame’s Molinari bibliography (PDF file – also available in French)
    David M. Hart’s Molinari bibliography
    David M. Hart’s Gustave de Molinari and the Anti-statist Liberal Tradition
    Gary Galles’ Remembering Gustave de Molinari
    Joseph R. Stromberg’s Gustave de Molinari on States and Defense
    T. W. Virkkala’s Molinari’s Optimistic Framing of the Issue
    Jean-Michel Poughon’s Gustave de Molinari: une approche de la démocratie économique (PDF file)
    Rabah Benkemoune’s Gustave de Molinari�s Bourse Network Theory: A Liberal Response to Sismondi’s Informational Problem
    Dries Van Thielen’s Molinari’s Failed Election of 1859
    Roderick T. Long’s Who’s on First?
    Liberty Fund Symposium on Gustave de Molinari (with Roderick Long, Gary Chartier, David Friedman, and David Hart)


    Essays from and about Molinari’s ideological milieu (the French radical liberal économistes):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Charles Comte’s Treatise on Legislation (1826-27) [not yet complete]
    Charles Comte’s Treatise on Property (1834) [not yet complete]
    Charles Dunoyer’s Revolution of February 24th (1849) [not yet complete]
    Bastiat-Proudhon Debate on Interest (1849-50)
    Louis Wolowski and Émile Levasseur’s Property (1864?)
    Sophie Raffalovich’s The Boston Anarchists (1888)
    Paul Ghio’s An American Anarchist (1902)

    Lawrence Phillips’ Review of Edmond Villey’s Economic Opus of Charles Dunoyer (1900)
    Richard Cantillon’s On the Nature of Trade (1755)
    A. R. J. Turgot’s Reflections on the Formation and Distribution of Wealth (1774)
    Jean-Baptiste Say’s Treatise on Political Economy (1803)
    Jean-Baptiste Say’s Letters to Malthus (1820)
    A. L. C. Destutt de Tracy’s Commentary on Montesquieu (1811)
    Benjamin Constant’s On the Sovereignty of the People (1815; PDF file)
    Benjamin Constant’s Liberty of the Ancients Compared With that of the Moderns (1816)
    Benjamin Constant’s writings in French
    Frédéric Bastiat’s Economic Sophisms (1845)
    Frédéric Bastiat’s Capital and Interest (1849)
    Frédéric Bastiat’s Economic Harmonies (1850)
    Frédéric Bastiat’s The Law (1850)
    Frédéric Bastiat’s What is Seen and What is Not Seen (1850)
    Frédéric Bastiat’s Essays on Political Economy
    Frédéric Bastiat’s Selected Essays on Political Economy (distinct from above)
    Frédéric Bastiat’s What is Free Trade?
    Frédéric Bastiat’s What is Money? (PDF file)
    Frédéric Bastiat’s writings in French: here and here
    Victor Hugo’s History of a Crime (1852/1877)
    Victor Hugo�’s Memoirs
    Victor Hugo’s The Minds and the Masses
    Victor Hugo’s Capital Punishment
    Victor Hugo’s My Revenge Is Fraternity
    François Guizot’s Origins of Representative Government (1861)
    Yves Guyot’s Tyranny of Socialism (1893)
    Yves Guyot’s Socialistic Fallacies (1910)
    Yves Guyot’s Where and Why Public Ownership Has Failed (1912)
    Yves Guyot’s Reply from France (1914)
    Joseph Lalor’s Cyclopædia of Political Science (1881)
    L. Foubert’s Anarchy (1881?)
    Émile Faguet’s Benjamin Constant (1885 - in French)

    The French Liberal School
    Joseph T. Salerno’s Comment on the French Liberal School (PDF file)
    Joseph T. Salerno’s Neglect of the French Liberal School (PDF file)
    Joseph T. Salerno’s The Neglect of Bastiat’s School (another version – PDF file)
    Joseph T. Salerno’s Conspiracy of Silence on the French Liberal School
    Joseph T. Salerno’s Forerunners of the Austrian School: The French Liberal School (MP3 audio file, video)
    Mark Thornton’s The Origin of Economic Theory: A Portrait of Richard Cantillon
    Mark Thornton’s Richard Cantillon and the 250th Anniversary of the Discovery of Economics
    Mark Thornton’s Was Richard Cantillon a Mercantilist? (PDF file)
    Friedrich Hayek’s Richard Cantillon
    Vincent J. Tarascio’s Cantillon’s Essai: A Current Perspective (PDF file)
    Jörg Guido Hülsmann’s Review of Condillac’s Commerce and Government (PDF file)
    Murray N. Rothbard’s A. R. J. Turgot: Brief, Lucid, and Brilliant
    Timothy Terrell’s The Economics of Destutt de Tracy
    Larry Sechrest’s Jean-Baptiste Say: Neglected Champion of Laissez-Faire
    Joseph T. Salerno’s Influence of Cantillon’s Essai on Say’s Methodology (PDF file)
    Amadeus Gabriel’s Was Jean-Baptiste Say a Market Anarchist?
    David M. Hart’s Class Analysis, Slavery and the Industrialist Theory of History: The Radical Liberalism of Charles Comte and Charles Dunoyer
    Mark Weinburg’s Social Analysis of Three Early 19th Century French Liberals (PDF file)
    Rabah Benkemoune’s Charles Dunoyer and the Emergence of the Idea of an Economic Cycle
    Richard Ebeling’s Review of Constant’s Principles of Politics
    Jim Powell’s Benjamin Constant: Liberty and Private Life
    Roderick T. Long’s Constant on Blowback
    Roderick T. Long’s Finding the Brake: Constant on Monarchy
    Gary Galles’ Review of Constant’s Principles of Politics (PDF file)
    Leonard Liggio’s Charles Dunoyer and French Classical Liberalism (PDF file)
    Ralph Raico’s Classical Liberal Exploitation Theory (PDF file)
    Ralph Raico’s Classical Liberal Roots of the Marxist Doctrine of Classes
    Ralph Raico�’s Classical Liberal Roots of Marxist Class Analysis (MP3 audio file)
    Ralph Raico’s Comment on Prof. Bouckaert’s Paper
    Ralph Raico’s The Place of Religion in the Liberal Philosophy of Constant, Tocqueville, and Acton (PDF file)
    Cameron Weber’s Did Marx “Turn” the Original Class Struggle? (PDF file)
    Libertarian Class Analysis by Sheldon Richman
    Gareth Stedman-Jones’ Saint Simon and the Liberal Origins of the Socialist Critique of Political Economy (PDF file)
    Gary Galles’ Tocqueville on Liberty in America
    Reinhard Stiebler’s A Pre-History of Misesian Calculation: The Contribution of Adolphe Thiers (PDF file)
    Jim Powell’s Frédéric Bastiat, Ingenious Champion for Liberty and Peace
    Joseph Stromberg’s Frédéric Bastiat: Two Hundred Years On
    Thomas DiLorenzo’s Frédéric Bastiat: Between the French and Marginal Revolutions
    Jörg Guido Hülsmann’s Bastiat’s Legacy in Economics (PDF version)
    Joseph Sobran’s Bastiat and Organized Plunder
    James A. Dorn’s Law and Liberty: A Comparison of Hayek and Bastiat (PDF file)
    Mark Thornton’s Bastiat’s Views on the Nature of Money
    Pascal Salin’s The Firm in a Free Society: Following Bastiat’s Insights (PDF file)
    Nicholas Snow’s Three Stages of Invention
    Sheldon Richman’s Bastiat bibliography
    Roderick T. Long’s Victor Hugo on the Limits of Democracy
    Michel Chevalier
    Biography of Frédéric Passy


    Works by and about Thomas Hodgskin (1787-1869):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Labour Defended Against the Claims of Capital (1825; PDF)
    Peace, Law, and Order (1842)

    Review of Herbert Spencer’s Social Statics (1851)
    On Naval Discipline (1813)
    Travels in the North of Germany (1820)
    Popular Political Economy (1827)
    The Natural and Artificial Right of Property Contrasted (1832)
    Lecture on Free Trade (1843)

    George H. Smith’s Thomas Hodgskin: Libertarian Extraordinaire, Part 1; Part 2; Part 3; Part 4; Part 5; Part 6
    Sheldon Richman’s The Natural Right of Property
    Sheldon Richman’s Real Liberalism and the Law of Nature





    Works by and about Josiah Warren (1798-1874):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Material to be added shortly Josiah Warren Project
    Plan of the Cincinnati Labor for Labor Store (1829)
    Manifesto (1841)
    Equitable Commerce (1846 – PDF file; another version)
    Practical Details in Equitable Commerce (1863)
    True Civilization (1869 – another version)
    Practical Applications of True Civilization (1873)
    Notebook D Part 1, Part 2 (1840, 1860, 1873 – PDF files)

    Sidney H. Morse’s Liberty and Wealth (1884)
    Sidney H. Morse’s Ethics of the Homestead Strike (1892)

    William Bailie’s Josiah Warren, the First American Anarchist: A Sociological Study (1906)
    Ann Caldwell Butler’s Josiah Warren and the Sovereignty of the Individual (PDF file)
    Jeff Riggenbach’s Josiah Warren: The First American Anarchist
    Shawn Wilbur’s Warren bibliography




    Works by and about William Lloyd Garrison (1805-1879) and The Liberator (1831-1865):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Voting - Government - Slavery and War (1856)

    The Liberator – early cover (1831)
    Rutland Reform Convention (1858)
    The Liberator
    Address to the Colonization Society (1829)
    To the Public (1831)
    On African Colonization (1832)
    Declaration of Sentiments (1833)
    Brief Sketch of the Trial (1854)
    Preface to Douglass’s Narrative (1845)
    No Compromise With Slavery (1854)
    Disunion (1855)
    On the Death of John Brown (1859)
    Spirit of the South (1861)
    Southern Hatred of the American Government (1862)
    The Governing Passion of My Soul (1865)
    Filmore and Sumner (1874)

    Charles Lane’s A Voluntary Political Government (1843)
    Frederick Douglass’s What to the Slave is the Fourth of July? (1852)
    W. L. Garrison Jr.’s Women and War (1899)
    Garrison Jr. et al.’s Address to the Colored People of the U.S. (1900)

    Jeff R. Hummel�’s Review of All On Fire


    Works by and about Gerrit Smith (1797-1874):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Material to be added shortly True Office of Civil Government (1851)
    Gerrit Smith pamphlet collection
    More Gerrit Smith writings
    Still more Gerrit Smith writings

    Gerrit Smith Virtual Museum






    Works by and about Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (1809-1865):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Bastiat-Proudhon Debate on Interest (1849-50) What Is Property? (1840 – another version &#!50; also available in French)
    The Philosophy of Poverty (1847)
    Solution of the Social Problem (1848 – PDF file)
    On Democracy (1848)
    The Malthusians (1848)
    The State (1849 – another version)
    Excerpts from Interest and Principal: Debate With Bastiat (1849), Parts One, Two, Three, and Four
    General Idea of the Revolution (1851)
    Proudhon’s Correspondence

    Max Stirner’s On Proudhon (1844)
    Karl Marx’s The Poverty of Philosophy (1847)
    Karl Marx’s Letter on Proudhon (1865)
    Andrews-Tucker Debate on Proudhon (1876 – PDF file)
    Georgi Plekhanov’s Proudhon (1895 – another version)
    Charles Dana’s Proudhon and His “Bank of the People” (1896)
    William O. Reichert’s Natural Right in the Philosophy of Proudhon (PDF file)
    Monique Canto-Sperber’s Proudhon, the First Liberal Socialist (PDF file)
    George Woodcock’s Pierre-Joseph Proudhon: A Biography (1987)
    L. Gambone’s Proudhon and Anarchism (1996)
    Kenneth Gregg’s Proudhon on Democracy (2006)
    Brad Spangler’s Proudhon and Market Anarchism (2007)


    Works by and about Max Stirner (1806-1856):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Material to be added shortly Review of Rohmer (1841 – in German only)
    Art and Religion (1842)
    The False Principle of Our Education (1842)
    The Ego and His Own (1844 – also available in German)
    Reply to Critics (1845 – also available in German and a bilingual version showing the abridgment of the English version)
    Other works in German

    Friedrich Engels’ Letter on Stirner (1844)
    Karl Marx’s Saint Max (1845)
    Georgi Plekhanov’s Historical Development of the Anarchist Doctrine (1895 – another version)
    James Huneker’s Max Stirner
    Andrew Carlson�’ Max Stirner
    Lawrence S. Stepelevich’s Max Stirner as Hegelian
    Bernd Laska’s Nietzsche’s Initial Crisis: New Light on the Nietzsche/Stirner Question
    Egoist Archive
    Non Serviam


    Works by and about Herbert Spencer (1820-1903):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Patriotism
    Imperialism and Slavery
    Re-barbarization
    Regimentation

    Letter on Marriage (1845)
    Three Letters to Kaneko Kentaro (1892)
    System of Synthetic Philosophy [not yet complete]
    Facts and Comments (1902) [not yet complete]

    Thomas Hodgskin’s Review of Social Statics (1851)
    Grant Allen’s Personal Reminiscences of Herbert Spencer (1894)
    The Right to Ignore the State
    Social Statics (1851)
    The Development Hypothesis (1852)
    The Philosophy of Style (1852)
    Principles of Psychology (1855)
    First Principles (1867)
    The Study of Sociology (1873)
    John Stuart Mill: His Moral Character (1873)
    The Comparative Psychology of Man (1876)
    Political Institutions (1882)
    Essays Scientific, Political, and Speculative (1891)
    Principles of Ethics (1897)
    The Man versus the State (another version)
    Essays on Education and Kindred Subjects

    Spencer bibliography (not complete)
    Alexander Bain’s Review of Principles of Sociology (1876)
    Paul Lafargue’s A Few Words With Mr. Herbert Spencer (1884)
    David Weinstein’s Herbert Spencer
    Larry Ridener’s Herbert Spencer
    William Sweet’s Herbert Spencer
    Albert Jay Nock’s The New Slavery
    Jim Powell’s Herbert Spencer: Liberty and Unlimited Human Progress
    Tim S. Gray’s Herbert Spencer’s Evolutionary Liberalism and the End of History (PDF file)
    Robert L. Carneiro’s Herbert Spencer as an Anthropologist (PDF file)
    Eric Roark’s Herbert Spencer’s Evolutionary Individualism (PDF file)
    Wirkman Virkkala’s Was Herbert Spencer a Social Darwinist?
    Wirkman Virkkala’s Spencer’s Relative Grasp on the Absolute
    Chris M. Sciabarra’s The First Libertarian
    George H. Smith’s Herbert Spencer’Theory of Causation (PDF file)
    George H. Smith’s From Optimism to Pessimism: The Case of Herbert Spencer, Part 1; Part 2; Part 3; Part 4; Part 5; Part 6, Part 7
    Richard M. Ebeling’s An Empire for America
    Joel Schlosberg’s Spencer’s Essays on Education
    Protagoras’s A Great Book, But ...
    Roderick T. Long’s Herbert Spencer: Libertarian Prophet (2004 – PDF file)
    Roderick T. Long’s Herbert Spencer: The Defamation Continues
    Roderick T. Long’s Defaming Herbert Spencer? A Reply to Edwin Black
    Roderick T. Long’s Marx and Spencer: Celebrity Death Match
    Roderick T. Long’s Too Awful to Read? Susan Jacoby on Herbert Spencer
    Roderick T. Long’s Once More Unto the Breach
    Roderick T. Long’s Happy Birthday, Herbert Spencer
    Roderick T. Long’s Spencer’s Mistake?
    Roderick T. Long’s Spencer versus the Empire
    Roderick T. Long’s Herbert Spencer: Big in Japan
    Roderick T. Long’s Herbert Spencer, Labortarian
    Madayn Murray O’Hair’s Grant Allen


    Works by and about Anselme Bellegarrigue (fl. 1850):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Max Nettlau’s Anselme Bellegarrigue
    George Woodcock’s Anselme Bellegarrigue
    Bellegarrigue’s works in French

    To the Point! To Action! (1848): parts one, two, three, and four [another version]
    Anarchy: A Journal of Order (1850; translation incomplete; see also this)
    Le Commanditaire (1856; excerpt)

    Joseph Noulens’s Biographical Account of Anselme Bellegarrigue (1862)






    Works by and about Paul Émile de Puydt (1810-1888):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Charles de Brouckère’s Review of Panarchy (1860) Panarchy (another version)
    See also the French version

    Max Nettlau’s Panarchy: A Forgotten Idea of 1860
    Philip Jacobson’s Introduction to de Puydt’s Panarchy
    Wikipedia entry on de Puydt



    Works by and about Stephen Pearl Andrews (1812-1886)

    On this websiteOn other websites
    The Science of Society (1851-52) [not yet complete – another version]
    The Dinner Party (1852)
    Love, Marriage, and Divorce (1853 – with Henry James, Sr., and Horace Greeley)
    Principles of Social Freedom (1871 &#!50; with Victoria Woodhull)
    Primary Synopsis of Universology (1871) [not yet complete]
    Revisal of Kant’s Categories (1874)
    Andrews-Tucker Debate on Proudhon (1876 – PDF file)
    The Labor Dollar (1878)

    Wendy McElroy’s Victoria Woodhull and Stephen Pearl Andrews
    Jeff Riggenbach’s Stephen Pearl Andrews’s Fleeting Contribution to Anarchist Thought
    Stephen Pearl Andrews bibliography
    Another bibliography




    Works by and about Ezra Heywood (1829-1893):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    The War Method of Peace (1863) Letter to The Revolution (1868)
    The Anti-Death League (1881)

    James J. Martin’s Ezra Heywood, Pamphleteer
    Martin Blatt’s Ezra Heywood and Benjamin Tucker
    Wendy McElroy’s The New England Labor Reform League
    Free Love at Faneuil Hall







    Works by and about Lysander Spooner (1808-1887)

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Letter to The Commonwealth (1854)
    Plan for the Abolition of Slavery (1858)
    No Treason (1867-70)
    Forced Consent (1873)
    Natural Law, or the Science of Justice (1882)
    Letter to Thomas F. Bayard (1882)
    Second Letter to Thomas F. Bayard (1884)
    Vices Are Not Crimes
    The Unconstitutionality of Slavery (another version)
    An Essay on the Trial by Jury
    A Letter to Grover Cleveland (another version)
    Against Woman Suffrage (1877)
    War Against Superstitious Women (1882)
    Other writings by Spooner: essays and letters

    Edward Stanwood’s Mr. Spooner’s Island Community (1877)
    Benjamin Tucker’s Obituary for Lysander Spooner
    Charles Shively’s Biography of Lysander Spooner
    James Martin’s Lysander Spooner: Dissident Among Dissidents
    Wendy McElroy’s Lysander Spooner
    Randy Barnett’s Was Slavery Unconstitutional Before the 13th Amendment? (PDF version)
    Kelly Olds’ The Challenge to the U.S. Postal Monopoly
    Roderick T. Long’s Spooner on Rent


    Works by and about Henry George (1839-1897):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Material to be added shortly Progress and Poverty (1879 – another version)
    Social Problems (1883)
    Protection or Free Trade (1886 – another version, PDF)
    Other Works

    Agnes George DeMille’s Who Was Henry George?
    Mason Gaffney’s Henry George 100 Years Later
    Gary Galles’s A Masterful Use of Analogies
    Henry George profile



    Works by and about Auberon Herbert (1838-1906)

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Material to be added shortly A Politician In Trouble About His Soul (1884)
    The Right and Wrong of Compulsion by the State (another version)
    State Education: A Help or a Hindrance?
    The True Line of Deliverance
    Ireland: A Great Chance Lost (1890 – PDF file)
    Some Free Life Sayings
    The Voluntaryist Creed (1908)

    Benjamin Tucker’s Auberon Herbert and His Work (1885)
    Chris R. Tame’s The Libertarian Tradition No. 1: Auberon Herbert (PDF file)
    Eric Mack’s Voluntaryism: The Political Thought of Auberon Herbert (PDF file)


    Works by and about William Graham Sumner (1840-1910)

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Conquest of the United States by Spain (1899)
    On Anarchy
    What Social Classes owe to Each Other (1883)
    War and Other Essays (1919)
    Various Works

    Scott Trask’s William Graham Sumner: Against Democracy, Plutocracy, and Imperialism (PDF file)
    Scott Trask’s William Graham Sumner: Monetary Theorist (PDF file)
    Jonathan Marshall’s William Graham Sumner: Critic of Progressive Liberalism (PDF file)


    Works by and about Wordsworth Donisthorpe (1847-1914):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Material to be added shortly Principles of Plutology (1876)
    Individualism: A System of Politics (1889)
    The Limits of Liberty (1891)
    Law in a Free State (1895)
    Down the Stream of Civilization (1898)

    Stephen Herbert’s Wordsworth Donisthorpe







    Works by and about Benjamin Tucker (1854-1939):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    State Socialism and Anarchism (1888)
    A French View of Boston Anarchists (1888)
    Why I Am An Anarchist (1892)
    Instead of A Book (1893) [not yet complete]
    The Attitude of Anarchism Toward Industrial Combinations (1899)

    Paul Ghio’s An American Anarchist (1902)
    Individual Liberty
    Taxation: Voluntary or Compulsory? (debate with F. W. Read)
    Andrews-Tucker Debate on Proudhon (1876 – PDF file)
    Auberon Herbert and His Work (1885)
    Autobiography

    John Henry Mackay’s Letters to Benjamin Tucker (1905-1933 – PDF file)
    Victor Yarros’s My Association With Benjamin Tucker
    John William Lloyd’s Memories of Benjamin Tucker (1935)
    Paul Avrich’s Interview With Oriole Tucker

    Michael E. Coughlin et al.’s Benjamin R. Tucker and the Champions of Liberty
    Wendy McElroy’s Benjamin Tucker, Liberty, and Individualist Anarchism
    Wendy McElroy’s Benjamin Tucker, Individualism, and Liberty (PDF file)
    Carl Watner’s Benjamin Tucker and His Periodical, Liberty (PDF file)
    Kenneth R. Gregg’s Benjamin R. Tucker (2005)
    Kevin A. Carson’s Studies in Mutualist Political Economy


    Works by and about the writers associated with Liberty (1881-1908), other than Spooner and Tucker:

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Liberty and Lucifer – covers
    Henry Appleton’s Anarchism, True and False (1884)
    Gertrude B. Kelly’s State Aid to Science (1887)
    Victor Yarros#146; The Woman Question (1888)
    Sarah Elizabeth Holmes’ A Reply to Victor (1888)
    Dyer Lum’s On Anarchy (1887)
    Dyer Lum’s The Economics of Anarchy (1890)
    Henry Seymour’s Anarchy: Theory and Practice (1888)
    Clara Dixon Davidson’s Relations Between Parents and Children (1892)
    Albert Tarn’s The State: Its Origin, Its Nature, and Its Abolition (1895)
    Lillian Harman’s ‘Age of Consent’ Symposium (1896)
    Francis D. Tandy’s Voluntary Socialism (1896)
    Victor Yarros and Pëtr Kropotkin’s Encyclopedia of Social Reforms
    article on anarchism
    (1897; PDF)
    K. C. Felton’s Review of Tandy’s Voluntary Socialism (1896)
    Henry Bool’s Apology for His Jeffersonian Anarchism (1901)
    S. R.’s An Economist on the Future Society (1904)
    Edwin C. Walker’s Communism and Conscience (1904)
    Florence Finch Kelly’s Review of The Shadow Riders (1916)

    Sophie Raffalovich’s The Boston Anarchists (1888)
    Victor S. Yarros’s Adventures in the Realm of Ideas (1947) [not yet complete]
    Complete Liberty Archive
    Liberty (selections)
    Miscellaneous Articles from the Pages of Liberty
    Debate on Usury in The Index (1873 – PDF file)
    Joshua K. Ingalls’s Work and Wealth (1878 – PDF file)
    Joshua K. Ingalls’s Economic Equities (1887 – PDF file)
    William B. Greene’s Equality (1849 – PDF file)
    William B. Greene’s Mutual Banking (1870 – PDF file)
    William B. Greene’s The Blazing Star (1872 – PDF file – another version)
    William B. Greene’s Doctrine of the Trinity (1847 – PDF file)
    William B. Greene’s The Incarnation (1848 – PDF file)
    William B. Greene page
    Henry Appleton’s The Boston Anarchists (1886)
    Angela Heywood’s Human Sex-Power – Fleshed Realism (1893)
    Victor Yarros’ The Reasons Why (1887)
    Victor Yarros’ A Princely Paradox (1887)
    Victor Yarros’s Democracy, or What? (1923 – accursed access restrictions may apply)
    Victor Yarros’s Age and Youth in Social Ethics (1925 – ditto on access restrictions)
    Victor Yarros’s Idealism, Realism, and the Social Order (1926 – ditto)
    Victor Yarros’s Philosophical Anarchism: Its Rise, Decline, and Eclipse (1936 – ditto)
    Victor Yarros’s Prof. Sumner’s Wise Reflections (1946 – ditto)
    Victor Yarros’s Truth or Meaning (1951 – ditto)
    Victor Yarros’s Letter on Turgeniev and Chernishevsky (1952 – ditto)
    Victor Yarros’s Letter on the Problem of Evil (1954 – ditto
    Victor Yarros’s Letter on a Classless Society (1955 – ditto)
    John Beverley Robinson’s The Abolition of Marriage (1889)
    Dyer Lum’s Why We Do Not Vote (1885)
    Dyer Lum’s To Arms! (1885)
    Dyer Lum’s The Nature of Rights (1886)
    Dyer Lum’s The Fiction of Natural Rights
    John Henry Mackay’s The Anarchists (1891)
    John Henry Mackay’s The Freedom-seeker (1920)
    Clarence Swartz’s What Is Mutualism? (1927 – another version)
    John William Lloyd’s Anarchist Mutualism (1927)
    John William Lloyd’s Autobiographical Essay (1940)
    John William Lloyd’s Speech to Ferrer Colony
    John William Lloyd’s Anarchist Socialism
    Dora Marsden’s various writings
    Rachel Yarros
    Florence Finch Kelly bio
    Florence Finch Kelly’s Works
    Liberty’s Library

    Eunice M. Schuster’s Native American Anarchism (1932)
    Rudolf Rocker’s Pioneers of American Freedom (1949)
    James J. Martin’s Men Against the State (1953)
    William Reichert’s Partisans of Freedom (1976)
    Michael E. Coughlin et al.’s Benjamin R. Tucker and the Champions of Liberty
    Wendy McElroy’s The Liberty Debate on Participation in Politics (PDF file)
    Wendy McElroy’s American Anarchism
    Wendy McElroy’s The Free Love Movement and Radical Individualism
    Wendy McElroy’s Roots of Individualist Feminism in 19th-Century America
    Wendy McElroy’s Individualist Feminism: The Lost Tradition
    Wendy McElroy’s Gertrude B. Kelly: A Forgotten Feminist
    Wendy McElroy’s The Culture of Individualist Anarchism (PDF file)
    Wendy McElroy’s Individualist Anarchism vs. Communist Anarchism
    Wendy McElroy’s The Schism between Individualist and Communist Anarchism (PDF file)
    Wendy McElroy’s Comprehensive Index to Liberty
    Wendy McElroy’s Index to Radical Review
    Carl Watner’s English Individualists as They Appear in Liberty (PDF file)
    Sharon Presley’s Feminism in Liberty
    Ed Stringham’s Review of McElroy’s Debates of Liberty
    Christopher Mayer’s Review of McElroy’s Debates of Liberty
    James J. Martin’s “Heralds of the Transition to Philosophical Egoism,” Parts One and Two
    Roger Donway’s Dostoevsky, Nietzsche, and Ayn Rand’s Moral Triad [about Chernyshevsky]
    Roger Chapman’s The Misunderstood Chernyshevskii
    Frank H. Brooks’ Ideology, Strategy, and Organization: Dyer Lum and the American Anarchist Movement (PDF file)
    Madalyn Murray O’Hair’s Edwin C. Walker, American Atheist
    Carol U. Sisler’s Brit Bool Longed to Be Neither Rich Nor Poor
    Roderick T. Long’s Flaming Swords, Devilish Anarchists, and Boolean Logic
    Roderick T. Long’s Egoism and Anarchy
    Roderick T. Long’s Dialectical Feminism: The Unknown Ideal


    Works by and about Voltairine de Cleyre (1866-1912):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    The Economic Tendency of Freethought (1890)
    The Philosophy of Selfishness (1891)
    Sex Slavery (1890)
    Why I Am An Anarchist (1897)
    Anarchism (1901)
    Letter to Senator Hawley (1902)
    The Chain Gang (1907)
    A Correction (1907)
    They Who Marry Do Ill (1908)
    Anarchism and American Traditions (1908)
    Our Present Attitude (1908)
    The Dominant Idea (1910)
    Direct Action (1912?)
    Selected Works
    More collected works
    Still more collected works
    Two Articles on Communism (1893)
    The Case of Woman vs. Orthodoxy (1896)
    On Domesticity, Jealousy, and Abortion (1897)
    Sketches and Stories

    Emma Goldman’s Voltairine de Cleyre
    Marian Leighton’s Voltairine de Cleyre: An Introduction
    Jeff Riggenbach’s Voltairine de Cleyre: Penitent Priestess of Anarchism
    Chris Crass’s Voltairine de Cleyre, the Anarchist Tradition, and the Political Challenge
    Chris Crass’s Organizing for Radical Social Change: Voltairine de Cleyre and Anarcha-Feminism
    S. E. Parker’s Voltairine de Cleyre
    Crispin Sartwell’s Priestess of Pity and Vengeance
    Anarcho’s Voltairine de Cleyre: Her Revolutionary Ideas and Legacy (2006)
    Voltairine.org



    Works by and about Joseph A. Labadie (1850-1933) and Laurance Labadie (1891-1975):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Material to be added shortly Jo Labadie’s Anarchism: What It Is and What It Is Not (1900)
    Jo Labadie’s Anarchism: Genuine and Asinine (1925)
    Jo Labadie’s Anarchism and Crime (1934)
    Jo Labadie’s I Welcome Disorder
    Joseph A. Labadie works
    More Joseph A. Labadie works

    Joseph Labadie: An American Original by Jeff Riggenbach
    Review of Carlotta R. Anderson’s All-American Anarchist: Joseph A. Labadie and the Labor Movement by Andrew H. Lee

    Laurance Labadie’s Selected Essays
    Laurance Labadie’s Origin and Nature of Government (1958)

    We Never Called Him Larry by James J. Martin & Agnes Inglis
    Laurance Labadie: Keeper of the Flame by Mildred J. Loomis and Mark A. Sullivan
    Review of Laurance Labadie’s Anarcho-Pessimism by David S. D’Amato



    Works by and about Franz Oppenheimer (1864-1943):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Material to be added shortlyThe State (1922 – another version)
    Oppenheimer’s works in German

    Eduard Heimann’s Franz Oppenheimer’s Economic Ideas






    Works by and about Émile Armand (1872-1963):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Material to be added shortlyAnarchist Individualism as a Life and Activity (1907)
    Our Demands as Individualist Anarchists (1945)
    Our Kind of Individualist (1945)
    The Little Manual of Individualist Anarchism (1945)
    Individualist Perspectives (1957)
    Other Writings

    Émile Armand
    Francis Ronsin’s E. Armand and ‘La Camaraderie Amoureuse’ (PDF file)






    Works by and about Isabel Paterson (1886-1961):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Monkey-gland Economics (1945)

    Florence Finch Kelly’s Review of The Shadow Riders (1916)
    Wilson Follett’s Review of The Shadow Riders (1916)
    The Magpie’s Nest (pub. 1917 but written before The Shadow Riders)
    The Shadow Riders (1916)
    Never Ask the End (1933 – PDF file)
    The God of the Machine (1943 – PDF file)
    The Humanitarian With the Guillotine (1943)

    Cato Institute’s Isabel Paterson page
    Cato Institute’s God of the Machine page
    Brian Doherty’s Our Forgotten Goddess
    Wendy McElroy’s Isabel Paterson and the Idea of America
    Stephen Cox’s A Woman With Impact
    Stephen Cox’s Representing Isabel Paterson (PDF file – another version)
    Stephen Cox’s Happy Birthday, Isabel Paterson
    Jim Powell’s Three Women Who Inspired the Libertarian Movement
    Doug French’s Isabel Paterson’s Place In History
    Justine’s Isabel Paterson, Part 1: The Fountainhead’s Fountainhead
    Justine’s Isabel Paterson, Part 2: The Highest Form of Intelligence
    Justine’s Isabel Paterson, Part 3: Variations on the Human Melody
    William F. Buckley's The Dynamic IMP
    Roderick T. Long’s Isabel Paterson Rides Again
    Time’s Review of The Fourth Queen (1926)
    Time’s (especially stupid) Summary of The Fourth Queen (1926)
    Time’s Review of Never Ask the End (1933)
    Time’s Review of If It Prove Fair Weather (1940)
    Time’s Obituary (1961)
    Neglected BooksReview of Never Ask the End (2007)
    Wendy McElroy’s Review of Never Ask the End (2012)
    Paterson Collection at the Hoover Library


    Works by and about Rose Wilder Lane (1886-1968):

    On this websiteOn other websites
    A Bit of Gray in a Blue Sky (1919)
    On Patriotism (1961)
    Give Me Liberty (1936)
    Autobiographical Sketch (1939)
    The Discovery of Freedom (1943 – PDF)
    Liberty vs. Democracy (1943)

    Roderick T. Long’s Little House in the Balkans




    Works by and about the Austrian School:

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Friedrich von Wieser’s Natural Value (1889)
    William Smart’s Introduction to the Theory of Value (1891)
    Joseph Stromberg’s English Enclosures and Soviet Collectivization (1995)
    Le Monde on Mises and Rothbard (2003)
    Carl Menger’s Principles of Economics (1871 – another version)
    Carl Menger’s On the Origins of Money (1892 – anothr version)
    Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk’s Capital and Interest (1884)
    Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk’s The Positive Theory of Capital (1888)
    Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk’s The Historical vs. the Deductive Method in Political Economy (1891)
    Eugen von B&oml;hm-Bawerk’s The Austrian Economists (1891)
    Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk’s Value, Cost, and Marginal Utility (1892 – PDF file)
    Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk’s The Ultimate Standard of Value (1895)
    Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk’s The Origin of Interest (1896)
    Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk’s Karl Marx and the Close of His System (1896)
    Friedrich von Wieser’s The Austrian School and the Theory of Value (1891)
    Friedrich von Wieser’s The Theory of Value: A Reply to Professor Macvane (1892)
    Ludwig von Mises’ Various Works
    Friedrich A. Hayek’s Various Works
    Henry Hazlitt’s Various Works
    Murray Rothbard’s Various Works
    Ludwig Lachmann’s Various Works
    George Reisman’s Capitalism (1998 – PDF file the size of a small planet)
    Praxeology Resources

    Ralph Raico’s The Austrian School and Classical Liberalism
    David Gordon’s Rothbard: A Scholar in Defense of Freedom
    Kevin A. Carson’s The Marginalist Assault on Classical Political Economy
    Kevin A. Carson�’s Austrian and Marxist Theories of Monopoly Capital (another version)


    Related Works:

    On this websiteOn other websites
    Edmund Burke’s Editorial on Irish Poverty (1748)
    Percy Bysshe Shelley’s Ozymandias (1818)
    Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self-Reliance (1841)
    Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Politics (1844)
    Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Speech on Affairs in Kansas (1856)
    Henry David Thoreau’s On Civil Disobedience (1849)
    John C. Calhoun’s Disquisition on Government (1849)
    James Russell Lowell’s Hosea Biglow Conscientiously Objects (1859)
    Robert Collyer’s Saxon Grit (1880?)
    F. J. Stimson’s Ruskin as a Political Economist (1888)
    Oscar Wilde’s Soul of Man Under Socialism (1891)
    E. L. Godkin’s The Eclipse of Liberalism (1900)
    Ljëv Tolstoj’s Thou Shalt Not Kill (1900)
    U.S. ex rel. Turner v. Williams (1904)
    Samuel L. Clemens’ The War Prayer (1904-5)
    Gertrude Nafe’s The Law and the Man Who Laughed (1913)
    Thorstein Veblen’s On Icelandic Anarchy (1917)
    Randolph Bourne’s The State (1919)
    Roy A. Childs’ Big Business and the Rise of American Statism (1971)
    James Redford’s Jesus Is An Anarchist (2006 – PDF file)
    Francisco de Vitoria’s De Indis et De Jure Bello (1532)
    Étienne de la Boétie’s Discourse of Voluntary Servitude (1548?)
    Richard Overton’s Arrow Against All Tyrants (1646)
    John Milton’s Tenure of Kings and Magistrates (1649)
    Gerrard Winstanley’s Declaration of the Poor Oppressed People (1649)
    Gerrard Winstanley’s The True Leveller’s Standard (1649)
    Gerrard Winstanley’s The Law of Freedom (1652)
    John Locke’s Two Treatises of Government (1680s)
    Voltaire’s Philosophical Letters (1733)
    Elisha Williams’ Essential Rights and Liberties of Protestants (1744)
    David Hume’s First Principles of Government (1752)
    Edmund Burke’s Vindication of Natural Society (1756 – PDF file)
    Samuel Adams’ Rights of the Colonists (1772)
    Alexander Hamilton’s The Farmer Refuted (1775)
    Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations (1776)
    Thomas Paine’s Rights of Man (1792)
    Wilhelm von Humboldt’s Sphere and Duties of Government (1792)
    Mary Wollstonecraft’s Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792)
    William Godwin’s Enquiry Concerning Political Justice (1793 – an earlier edition)
    William Godwin’s The Enquirer (1797 – a later edition)
    William Godwin’s Thoughts on Parr (1801)
    William Godwin’s Of Population (1820)
    William Godwin’s Thoughts on Man (1831)
    St. George Tucker’s Dissertation on Slavery (1795)
    Elihu Palmer’s Principles of Nature (1819)
    Jane Marcet’s John Hopkins’s Notions of Political Economy (1833)
    William Leggett’s Democratick Editorials (1834)
    Harriet Martineau’s Idea of Liberty (1838)
    John Stuart Mill’s On Liberty (1860) and Subjection of Women (1869)
    Joseph Déjacque’s Various Works
    Richard Cobden’s Various Works
    Mikhail Bakunin’s Various Works
    Friedrich Nietzsche’s Various Works
    William Morris’s An Old Story Retold / A King’s Lesson (1886)
    Richard Harding Davis’s Rulers of the Mediterranean (1894)
    Gustave Le Bon’s Psychology of Socialism (1899)
    David Lipscomb’s Civil Government (1913)
    Peter Kropotkin’s Various Works
    Emma Goldman’s Various Works
    Alexander Berkman’s Various Works
    Randolph Bourne’s Various Works
    B. Traven / Ret Marut’s The Actor and the King (1919)
    William C. Owen’s Anarchism vs. Socialism (1922)
    Albert Jay Nock’s Our Enemy the State (1935 – another version)
    Rudolf Rocker’s Pioneers of American Freedom (PDF file – 1949)
    Albert Jay Nock’s Isaiah’s Job (1936)
    Ayn Rand’s Anthem (1937)
    Ayn Rand’s The Only Path to Tomorrow (1944)
    Ayn Rand’s The Objectivist Ethics (1961 – not complete)
    Ayn Rand’s Introducing Objectivism (1962)
    Ayn Rand’s An Answer for Businessmen (1962)
    Ayn Rand’s Man’s Rights (1963)
    Ayn Rand’s Collectivized “Rights” (1963)
    Ayn Rand’s The Nature of Government (1963)
    Ayn Rand’s The Ayn Rand Lexicon (1986)
    Ayn Rand audio files
    Jarret Wollstein’s Society Without Coercion (1969 – PDF)
    Morris and Linda Tannehill’s The Market for Liberty (1970 – PDF)
    Murray Bookchin’s Listen, Marxist! (1971)

    Murray Rothbard’s Political Thought of Étienne de la Boétie
    Michael Braddick’s Gerrard Winstanley’s Wild Digger Days
    Jeff Riggenbach’s William Godwin: Communist or Individualist?
    Murray Rothbard’s Edmund Burke, Anarchist
    Joseph Stromberg’s Rothbard and Burke
    Kenneth Gregg’s W. C. Owen
    Thomas Lemke’s The Birth of Bio-politics: Foucault on Neoliberal Governmentality (PDF file)
    Bryan Register’s Berkeley’s Repression of Anarchist’s Quotes Puzzling
    William Holtz’s The Woman Who Discovered Private Property






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